Author: anis kchaou

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Basic OperationsBasic OperationsComplex QueriesComplex QueriesViewsViewsStored Procedures and FunctionsStored Procedures an...Triggers and EventsTriggers and EventsTransactionsTransactionsIndexesIndexesSecurity and PermissionsSecurity and Permiss...Querying dataQuerying dataModifying dataModifying dataFiltering data Filtering data OperatorsOperatorsSorting and limiting data Sorting and limiting...Aggregate functionsAggregate functionsBEGIN, COMMIT, ROLLBACK  BEGIN, COMMIT, ROLLB...Joins (INNER, OUTER, SELF, NATURAL, CROSS) Joins (INNER, OUTER,...Grouping data (GROUP BY, HAVING, ROLLUP)Grouping data (GROUP...SubqueriesSubqueriesadvanced functionsadvanced functionsN+1 problemN+1 problemDataTypesDataTypesDDLDDLPrimary Keys…

What is a Replica Set? A replica set is a group of database servers that maintain the same dataset to provide redundancy and high availability. Essentially, it’s a way to make your database fault-tolerant: if one server fails, another can take over with minimal downtime. Key Points: Primary: Receives all write operations. There is…

1. CREATE (Insert Documents) Insert one document: db.collectionName.insertOne({ name: "Alice", age: 25, city: "New York" }); db.collectionName.insertOne({ name: "Alice", age: 25, city: "New York" }); Insert multiple documents: db.collectionName.insertMany([ { name: "Bob", age: 30, city: "Los Angeles" }, { name: "Charlie", age: 28, city: "Chicago" } ]); db.collectionName.insertMany([ { name: "Bob", age: 30, city:…

1. Version Control in Databases Just like version control for code (Git, for example), database version control is a way to track and manage changes to your database schema over time. Instead of manually updating databases on different environments, version control helps keep track of what changed, when, and why. Why it’s important: Multiple…

1. What is a Cursor? A cursor is a database object used to retrieve, traverse, and manipulate one row at a time from the result set of a query. Unlike a normal SELECT query that returns all rows at once, a cursor allows you to process rows individually. This is especially useful when you…

In SQL, CASCADE is an option used with FOREIGN KEY constraints when defining relationships between tables. It specifies that certain actions on a parent table should automatically propagate to the related child table(s). The most common use cases are ON DELETE CASCADE and ON UPDATE CASCADE. Let's break it down: 1. ON DELETE CASCADE…

A Time-Series Database (TSDB) is a type of database optimized specifically for storing, retrieving, and analyzing time-stamped data, i.e., data points indexed by time. This is common in monitoring systems, IoT sensors, finance, telemetry, and any system that generates data continuously over time. Unlike traditional relational databases, TSDBs are optimized for high write throughput…

WebRTC (Web Real-Time Communication) in JavaScript is a set of APIs and protocols that allows web applications to establish peer-to-peer (P2P) connections directly between browsers or devices. It enables real-time audio, video, and data sharing without requiring users to install plugins or external software. Here’s a clear breakdown: Key Features of WebRTC Real-time Audio…

A Progressive Web App (PWA) is a type of web application that uses modern web technologies to deliver an experience similar to native mobile or desktop apps. PWAs are built with standard web technologies (HTML, CSS, JavaScript) but have enhanced capabilities like offline access, push notifications, installability, and fast performance. They’re called progressive because…