Author: anis kchaou

StringBuffer and StringBuilder are both Java classes for creating and manipulating mutable sequences of characters, but they differ in thread safety and performance. Here’s a breakdown: FeatureStringBufferStringBuilderMutabilityMutable (like StringBuilder)Mutable (like StringBuffer)Thread SafetyYes — methods are synchronized, so multiple threads can use the same object without corrupting dataNo — methods are not synchronized, so unsafe…

Let’s break down method overriding and method overloading clearly and compare them. These are concepts in object-oriented programming (OOP), commonly in languages like Java, C++, and C#. 1. Method Overriding Definition:Method overriding occurs when a subclass (child class) provides its own implementation of a method that is already defined in its superclass (parent class).…

In Java, primitive type casting is converting one primitive data type into another.It’s split into two categories: widening (implicit) and narrowing (explicit) casting. 1. Widening Casting (Implicit) Also called type promotion — smaller types automatically convert to larger types without data loss. Order of promotion:byte → short → int → long → float →…

In Java, when you talk about "pass by value" vs "pass by reference" for methods, the key point is: Java is always pass-by-value — but what is passed by value depends on the type of variable. 1. Pass-by-Value (for primitives) When you pass a primitive type (int, double, char, boolean, etc.) to a method:…

In Java, wrapper classes are special classes that let you treat primitive data types as objects. They "wrap" a primitive value in an object so it can be used where an object is required (for example, in collections like ArrayList that can’t store primitives directly). 1. Primitive Types & Their Wrapper Classes Primitive typeWrapper…